"Power Transmission"
By: Professor G. N. Alexandrov, Second Edition
CSRT built by Indian company BHEL, according to Prof. Alexandrov's calculations (11 kV, 2MVar)
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Is it easy to read and follow this book? The answer depends on who the reader is. The book is of great interest for specialists and students in the electro-energy area. The book reflects the theory and the problems appearing with technical progress and ways of solving them. Moreover, the author is solving them as a prominent specialist in three areas in electro-energy: high voltage,electrical apparatuses, and long transmission lines. All material given is supported by mathematical computation. There is a lot of information carried out during the experimental investigations, theoretical, and constructor's works. Additionally, the tests were carried out on the unique equipment, which is installed only in a small number of super high voltage laboratories in the world.
Dr. Y.P. Gorjunov, Professor of the Electrical Systems and
Networks Department of SPSTU: "It is a narrow subject but very timely in that
deregulation is driving a lot of changes never before considered by the
power companies in North America. This technology was not available
to the Western world until recently. Long transmission lines are a major
cost and stumbling block to bulk power transmission. Over the last 50
years, the USSR had very limited money to do research or purchase very
expensive technology from outside countries (assuming the free
world would have sold it to them). As such, they developed their
own technology to get huge amounts of power over very long transmission
lines and do it simply and very inexpensively. The problem is too much
impedance over long distances on the transmission lines."
For example, here in the USA, many of the long transmission lines cannot
be loaded more than about 25% to 50% of their thermal capacity. If they
do, they are very unstable and the voltage profiles are unacceptable.
Utility companies add huge series capacitors (with all their negative system
problems) to lower this impedance, but it's still not anywhere as
much as the system needs.
Modern day power electronics (Flexible AC Transmission Systems = FACTS)
solve this problem but at great expense and complexity. One such system
I am aware of cost about $28M. The SCR controlled reactor put forth by
Dr. Alexandrov would be expected to give the end user on the order of
75% to
85% as good a solution but at under $10M. Since the reactors are
essentially a big transformer, normal maintenance procedures that the
power companies already are accustomed to would be applicable. You
might get some utility engineers saying "It is old technology.",
but they have probably not investigated the successes Russia has had in this area.
Not to
mention the significant potential cost savings to the hardware. If I
were in a deregulated power company where
almost no money for expansion is expected, every dollar that I
could save up front would be of interest to me." David Shipp, PE,
Advisory Engineer, Power Systems Engineering, Cutler-Hummer.
The Book's Content:
Chapter 1. The performances of electrical energy transmission by AC current
1.2. The equations for electrical energy transmission
1.3. Providing of the idle regimes of electric transmission lines
1.4. Providing of the idle regime for super long electric transmission lines without intermediate connections
1.5. The angle performances of electric transmission lines of different lengths
1.6. Reactive capacity fluxes along the electric transmission lines
List of Figures
Chapter 2. Parameters of AC transmission lines
2.1. Physical parameters of overhead lines
2.2. The equivalent parameters of long electrical transmission lines with controlled shunt reactors (CSR) at their intermediate points
2.3. Series capacitive compensation of the line inductive impedance
2.4. Schemes of the substitution of overhead lines of electrical energy transmission
2.5. Parameters of shunt reactors and transformers
2.6. Parameters of the electric transmission cable lines
List of Figures
Chapter 3. Regimes of electrical energy transmission
3.1. A transfer capability of AC electrical transmission
3.2. Performances of a natural regime of the lines transfer capability
3.3. Performances of an artificial regime of the lines transfer capability
3.4. Performances of the limiting regime of a line artificial transfer capability
3.5. Criterion of the minimum power losses for the optimization of energy transmission regimes
3.6. Regimes and stability of the long AC transmission lines with controlled shunt reactors
List of Figures
Chapter 4. Improvement of structural parameters of overhead transmission lines
4.1. Optimization of mutual disposition of overhead lines phases
4.2. Optimization of a phase's structure for AC overhead lines
4.3. Limitation of the field strength on the conductor’s surface in the towers influence area
4.4. Optimization of tower structure for overhead lines.
List of Figures
Chapter 5. Regulated consumers of surplus reactive capacity of electrical transmission lines
5.1. The main kinds of regulated consumers of reactive capacity
5.2 Controlled Shunt Reactor’s Structure
5.3. The main calculating correlation’s for the shunt reactors
5.4. Selection of the suppression system of highest harmonics in a CSRT current
5.5. Optimization of CSRT structural parameters
List of Figures
Chapter 6. Utilization of controlled reactors of transformer type in the electrical power systems
6.1. Controlled shunt reactors at EHV transmission lines
6.2. Limitation of switching over voltages on transmission lines
6.3. Providing suppression of the arc of single phase short circuit in the network with solid grounded neutral
6.4. Providing the damping of a short circuit arc at networks with insulated neutral
6.5. Short circuit current limitation in the electrical power networks
6.6. Regulation of condenser battery capacity in electrical networks
List of Figures
Conclusion
References